![]() Firstly, stress reduction and relaxation techniques (e.g., meditation, autogenic training, stress management training, and psychotherapy to learn to cope) should be recommended not only as complementary to traditional treatments of vision loss but possibly as preventive means to reduce progression of vision loss. ![]() This new psychosomatic perspective has several implications for clinical practice. This creates a vicious cycle of a downward spiral, in which initial vision loss creates stress which further accelerates vision loss, creating even more stress and so forth. We conclude that stress is both consequence and cause of vision loss. This review of the literature discusses the relationship of stress and ophthalmological diseases. Although stress is a known risk factor, its causal role in the development or progression of certain visual system disorders is not widely appreciated. ![]() In fact, continuous stress and elevated cortisol levels negatively impact the eye and brain due to autonomous nervous system (sympathetic) imbalance and vascular dysregulation hence stress may also be one of the major causes of visual system diseases such as glaucoma and optic neuropathy. While prolonged mental stress is clearly a consequence of vision loss, it may also aggravate the situation. Because vision loss is considered to be irreversible and often progressive, patients experience continuous mental stress due to worries, anxiety, or fear with secondary consequences such as depression and social isolation. ![]() The loss of vision after damage to the retina, optic nerve, or brain has often grave consequences in everyday life such as problems with recognizing faces, reading, or mobility. ![]()
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